Design - Lot Selection Criteria
The parameters outlined by Christopher Alexander in his classic books "The Timeless Way of Building" and "A Pattern Language" provided a clear set of design criteria for Crystal Waters, including the decision to design for around 300 people, as Alexander argues that this is the minimum size for a settlement to be economically viable. The history of European villages also helped establish important considerations.

The layout of residential lots was carefully considered. The following was used to determine the configuration and placement of lots.

Lots were laid out in "clusters". This was done for the following reasons:

  • Lots were laid out in clusters of no more than 12 lots.
    • This was done to create ‘edges’ (an important feature of permaculture) ,
    • encourage social cohesiveness,
    • for geographic reasons such as ridge lines and gully borders,
    • for economic considerations such as the viability of provision of services,
    • and to allow creation of buffer zones and wildlife corridors.
  • The minimum lot size is 30m wide.
  • No greater than 30% of any lot is on a steep slope, for ease of access and use.
  • At least half of every lot is on a slope of less than 20%, to ensure economical building opportunities.
  • Each home site offers a NE/NW aspect, to maximise winter sunlight access.
  • No lot boundary is within 20m of the edge of a dam, or within 25m of the centre line of a natural drainage course.
    • this allows general access to all parts of any dam,
    • prevents lots having unusable swampy ground, and
    • gives the dams a buffer zone from any accidental spillage from lots.
  • Privacy of residents was considered important.
    • a maximum of 3 lots adjoin, and
    • there is a minimum of a 5 metre corridor between groups.
    • as few lots as possible were placed overlooking each other, and most were placed on the northern side of a ridge.
  • Most lots were arranged to look over the proposed dams, and northwards up the valley.
  • All lots provide sufficient slope to allow for the supply of gravity fed water.
  • All lots are adjacent to common property.
  • No lots adjoin a public road
  • All weather access drives (roads) were provided to all Lots.
  • Where lots are on opposite sides of access drives, a minimum of 20m was deemed necessary between their frontages.